decoding the mystery of human behaviour, human brain, addiction, love, friendship, cravings, sexual satiation etc.

The organ called brain is largely the same in all mammals. It has been around for well over 100,000,000 years, lurking right beneath your large, rational neo-cortex. Thanks to your limbic system, you cannot will your feelings, emotions, falling in love, or staying in love, anymore than you can will your heart to beat, or yourself to digest a meal or sleep.

Human Brain's side view

*The Limbic System encompasses structures that are critical for forming memories and experiencing pleasure, as well as for various motivational and emotional activities. In evolutionary terms, the limbic system is more recent than the central core and is fully developed only in mammals. The limbic system includes the hippocampus and amygdala, as well as other structures. It appears to play a central role in times of stress.

Limbic System

In one sense the findings appear to confirm what is already known, that women cannot enjoy sex unless they are relaxed and free from worries and distractions. "Fear and anxiety levels have to go down for orgasm. From an evolutionary point of view, it could be that the brain switches off the emotions during sex because at such times the chance to produce offspring becomes more important than the survival risk to the individual. Gert Holstege of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands points to the extraordinary behavior seen in some animals during the breeding season, such as March hares, when the urge to mate seems to override the usual fear of predators. "At the moment of orgasm, women do not have any emotional feelings," says Gert.

The most important factor in falling in - and out - of love is dopamine. Dopamine is the neurochemical that activates your reward circuitry. The reward circuit or reward center or reward system is a small portion of the limbic system, but it drives nearly all of your behaviors.

Dopamine

This center is activated when you engage in activities that further your survival, or the continuation of your genes. Whether it’s sex, eating, taking risks, achieving goals, or drinking water, all increase dopamine, and dopamine turns on your reward circuit. You can think of dopamine as the "I’ve got to have it" neurochemical, whatever "it" is. It’s the "craving" neurochemical. The more dopamine you release and the more your reward circuit is activated, the more "reward" you experience. A good example is food. We get a much bigger blast of dopamine eating high-calorie foods than we do low-calorie foods. It’s why we choose chocolate cake over Brussels sprouts. Our reward circuit is programmed so that "calories equal survival." You’re not actually craving ice cream, or a winning lotto ticket, or even a romp in the sack. You’re craving the dopamine that is released with these activities. Dopamine is your major motivation, not the item or activity. Addiction mechanisms are complex, yet the one aspect they share is dopamine. All addictive drugs and all addictions increase dopamine; that is why they are addictive. Porn, accumulating money, gaining power over others, gambling, compulsive shopping, video games…if something really boosts your dopamine, then it’s potentially addictive for you. Why did Martha Stewart risk everything for more money? She got a thrill from a stock market gamble, and that gave her more dopamine. She didn’t need the money.

Meg Ryan in film "When Harry Met Sally..." getting orgasm

Orgasms and addictions have two things in common. They both produce an initial pleasurable experience, and both are followed by an unpleasant hangover. The sexual satiation (orgasm) hangover is innate. It can be such a subtle part of you that you do not connect the dots - unless you switch to making love without it for several weeks, and then go back to sex with orgasm. "What goes up must come down." It’s simple biology; body systems must return to balance, or homeostasis. What goes up and down in this case is your dopamine. That can play havoc with your mood and the way in which you perceive, and treat, your partner. At orgasm, dopamine drops like a lead balloon, and we lose interest, at least temporarily. However, if dopamine’s not kept in check, it could rapidly shoot up again and we’d be back in the sack. Biology’s mission is now to stop us from screwing around and place our attention elsewhere - like on hunting and gathering, feeding the babies, going to our job, taking out the trash and so forth.

drug addiction

Suppressing dopamine is so important that nature uses an additional neurochemical to curtail our sexual desire. It’s called prolactin. If dopamine is the "foot on the gas," then prolactin is the "foot on the brake." Although research hasn’t shown how long prolactin surges continue in humans after sex, in female rats, twice daily surges of prolactin continue for up to two weeks. This may help to explain how great sex last week could lead to relationship friction now. And it’s no wonder we don’t make the link between cause and effect.

To summarize thus far, orgasm leads to a drop in dopamine and a rise in prolactin. Both of these lead to multiple behavioral and emotional symptoms, which, in our experience, can arise over the next two weeks. During this time, behavior may change for the worse. More importantly, lovers' perception of each other can shift dramatically for the worse. If we feel depleted, our partner will seem overly demanding; if we feel needy, our partner will seem selfish and uncaring. Bickering and emotional separation then lead to further friction. Of course, few people ever avoid orgasm for two weeks. Most of us ride this roller coaster over and over, never really experiencing balanced brain chemistry - or the easy harmony that accompanies it.

love

Orgasm’s high dopamine/low dopamine pattern actually encourages addictions of many kinds because people attempt to use artificial means to manipulate their dopamine levels. Think about it. Most addictions kick in during teen years, when we become sexually active. A recent Columbia University study found that sexually active teens use more drugs. One might think social factors alone lead to this correlation between drugs and sex, but when scientists studied hamsters, they found that sexually-active hamsters were much more susceptible to amphetamine addiction than their virgin counterparts. This research brings us to another observation. Children, or pre-teens have yet to activate this dopamine roller coaster, and they possess a cheerful, optimistic enthusiasm for the simplest activities. Perhaps this is due to balanced dopamine.

friendship

Falling in love is associated with a soup of neurochemicals - like adrenaline, which makes your heart race, and, as we have mentioned, dopamine, which makes you crave your beloved. But the heartwarming, loving, "gushy" aspects of love are due to oxytocin. It is the "unconditional love" hormone associated with nurturing and generous affection. Oxytocin's main evolutionary function is to bond us to our children for life. It also serves to bond us to our mate…at least long enough to produce a child and (if we're lucky) get it on its feet.

Friendships are also built on oxytocin, and can be quite deep bonds. If scientists block either oxytocin or dopamine, mothers will ignore their pups. As sexual satiation plays havoc with dopamine, lovers can end up with negative effect on their precious emotional bonds. Low dopamine alone interferes with feelings of love, and it may reduce oxytocin levels or the brain's sensitivity to oxytocin. As things go sour, something interferes with oxytocin's bonding effects. It's likely that it's low dopamine.

making love

The good news is that making love while avoiding sexual satiation is the loophole in biology’s plan for our love lives. This is the secret that the ancient sacred-sexuality sages stumbled upon. Making love with lots of affection, without the dopamine-driven highs and lows of conventional sex, seems to keep neurochemical levels balanced. The more oxytocin you produce, the more receptive you are to it. This is the opposite of dopamine. Addicts need more and more of a drug, which, of course, actually means they need more and more dopamine. Luckily you don’t need an ever-increasing "fix" of oxytocin to maintain the same gushy feeling. In fact, your partner just looks better and better - at least to you. This is why this practice can strengthen your bond with your mate.

craving for chocolate

This quality of oxytocin explains why companionship can increase longevity - even among those who are HIV positive. Or speed recovery: wounded hamsters heal twice as fast when they are paired with a sibling, rather than left in isolation. It may also explain why, among various species of primates, care-giving parents (whether male or female) live significantly longer. Oxytocin increases sexual receptivity and counteracts impotence, which may be one reason why this other way of making love remains pleasurable. Again, notice that oxytocin reduces cravings and increases sexual receptivity. This allows making love without orgasm to be surprisingly satisfying. The affection is always there, flowing between you and your partner. When we tiptoe around dopamine’s highs and lows, we encourage balance and clear perception of each other. We see each other as sources of safety and pleasure, not as sources of stress. The real magic of love happens at a neurochemical level - and we can choose balance in order to foil the extremes of Mother Nature's plan. Sex is only an addiction when it causes problems similar to those found in any other type of addiction, whether it be gambling, drugs, skydiving, etc. For example, if the desire to have sex takes up so much time that you don't do things you have to do - you get fired from your job, you neglect the kids, etc. It also may be an addiction if you have sex in risky ways (unprotected, in semi-public areas) that you KNOW are harmful but do anyway. "An addiction is a recurring compulsion to engage in some specific activity, despite harmful consequences to the individual's health, mental state or social life. The term is often reserved for drug, alcohol and nicotine addictions but is also applied to other compulsions such as compulsive overeating or sex with orgasm. "

As per Wikipedia:

*Prolactin (PRL) or Luteotropic hormone (LTH) is a peptide hormone discovered by Dr. Henry Friesen, primarily associated with lactation. In breastfeeding, the act of an infant suckling the nipple stimulates the production of prolactin, which fills the breast with milk via a process called lactogenesis, in preparation for the next feed. Oxytocin, another hormone, is also released, which triggers milk let-down.

**Oxytocin (sold as Pitocin, Syntocinon) is a mammalian hormone that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain.It is best known for its roles in female reproduction: it is released in large amounts after distension of the cervix and vagina during labor, and after stimulation of the nipples, facilitating birth and breastfeeding, respectively. Recent studies have begun to investigate oxytocin's role in various behaviors, including orgasm, social recognition, pair bonding, anxiety, trust, love, and maternal behaviors.

***Dopamine is a neurotransmitter occurring in a wide variety of animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the brain, this phenethylamine functions as a neurotransmitter, activating the five types of dopamine receptors — D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5, and their variants. Dopamine is produced in several areas of the brain, including the substantia nigra and the ventral tegmental area.[1] Dopamine is also a neurohormone released by the hypothalamus. Its main function as a hormone is to inhibit the release of prolactin from the anterior lobe of the pituitary.Dopamine can be supplied as a medication that acts on the sympathetic nervous system, producing effects such as increased heart rate and blood pressure. However, because dopamine cannot cross the blood-brain barrier, dopamine given as a drug does not directly affect the central nervous system. To increase the amount of dopamine in the brains of patients with diseases such as Parkinson's disease and dopa-responsive dystonia, L-DOPA, which is the precursor of dopamine, can be given because it can cross the blood-brain barrier.

World's largest single banknote is of 100000 Peso by Philippines government

Length = 1.5 foot
Amount = 100000
Currency = Peso
Country = Philippines
Year = 1998
Current Cost = 3700 US Dollars

It was designed to celebrate a century of Philippines' independence from Spanish rule.

how to fart & earn money ? Flatulist, Fartist, or professional Farter "Paul Oldfield" & "Le Pétomane" do it

Flatulist, Fartist, or professional Farter is a performer who receives payment for farting in an amusing and/or musical manner.

The Flatulist, Fartist, or professional Farter have remarkable control of the abdominal muscles, which enabled him to fart at will. The profession is also referred to as "flatulist," "farteur", or "fartiste".

Notable flatulists:
1) Methane, contemporary flatulist
2) Le Pétomane, performed in France from 1887 until 1914

Le Pétomane (pronounced /ləˈpɛtəmeɪn/, French pronunciation: [ləpetɔˈman]) was the stage name of the French professional farter and entertainer Joseph Pujol (June 1, 1857 - 1945). He was famous for his remarkable control of the abdominal muscles, which enabled him to fart at will. His stage name combines the French verb péter, "to fart" with the -mane, "-maniac" suffix, which translates to "the fart maniac".

Le Pétomane

Joseph Pujol was born in Marseille. He was one of five children of François (a stonemason and sculptor) and Rose Pujol. Soon after he left school he had a strange experience while swimming in the sea. He put his head under the water and held his breath, whereupon he felt an icy cold penetrating his rear. He ran ashore in fright and was amazed to see water pouring from his anus. A doctor assured him that there was nothing to worry about. When he joined the army he told his fellow soldiers about his special ability, and repeated it for their amusement, sucking up water from a pan into his rectum and then projecting it through his anus up to several yards. He then found that he could suck in air as well. Although a baker by profession, Pujol would entertain his customers by imitating musical instruments, and claim to be playing them behind the counter. Pujol decided to try his talent on the stage, and debuted in Marseille in 1887. After his act proved successful, he proceeded to Paris, where he took the act to the Moulin Rouge in 1892. Some of the highlights of his stage act involved sound effects of cannon fire and thunderstorms, as well as playing 'O Sole Mio and La Marseillaise on an ocarina through a rubber tube in his anus. He could also blow out a candle from several yards away. His audience included Edward, Prince of Wales, King Leopold II of the Belgians and Sigmund Freud. In 1894, the managers of the Moulin Rouge sued Pujol for an impromptu exhibition he gave to aid a friend struggling with economic difficulties. For the measly sum of 3,000 francs (Pujol's usual fee being 20,000 francs per show), the Moulin Rouge lost their star attraction, who proceeded to set up his own traveling show called the Theatre Pompadour. In the following decade Pujol tried to 'refine' and make his acts 'gentler'; one of his favourite numbers became a rhyme about a farm which he himself composed, and which he punctuated with the usual anal renditions of the animals' sounds. The climax of his act however involved him farting his impression of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. With the outbreak of World War I, Pujol, horrified by the inhumanity of the conflict, retired from the stage and returned to his bakery in Marseille. Later he opened a biscuit factory in Toulon. He died in 1945, aged 88, and was buried in the cemetery of La Valette-du-Var, where his grave can still be seen today. The Sorbonne offered his family a large sum of money to study his body after his death, but they refused the offer.

Le Pétomane's advertisement

Paul Oldfield, born in Macclesfield, Cheshire, North West England, is better known by his stage name Mr. Methane. He is a British flatulist or "professional farter" who started performing in 1991.

Paul Oldfield performing

According to When Will I Be Famous? (2003), a BBC book on British variety acts, Oldfield discovered his ability at the age of fifteen when practicing yoga. The next day he performed twenty rapid fire rasping farts in under a minute for a group of his friends. It became so popular he made it into a regular event. At this time he did not become a professional, but instead started working for British Rail, eventually getting promoted to Train Driver. The word of his odorous ability spread. In the late 1980s he was transferred to the Buxton motive power depot in Derbyshire. There he met a driver called Paul Genders who played in a Macclesfield based soul/blues cover band called The Screaming Beavers. Paul invited Mr. Methane to perform as a guest artist. The audience loved his performance, and he decided to try it as a career.

Visit him at: http//www.mrmethane.com/

On stage, he wears a bright green-and-purple skin-tight costume with cape and mask, looking like a superhero. He become a full time flatulist in 1991 giving performances all over the world specially at the Just For Laughs comedy festival in Montreal, the Edinburgh Fringe and the Melbourne International Comedy Festival. He also made numerous television & radio appearances.

Paul Oldfield

In 1998, BBC News reported that insurance companies had refused to insure his bottom. In 2000, he released the self-titled album mr methane.com including his renditions of "The Blue Danube", the "1812 Overture" and "Swan Lake". On 9 May 2009, he appeared on Britain's Got Talent in front of the three judges, who all voted him off.

His Discography include:
(1999), Trouser Trumpet ASIN B00000JB5F
(2000), Mr Methane.com: Anal Madness from the Man With the Rumbling Ring ASIN: B00004WN21
(2001), Merry Methane: A Feast of Festive Flatulence

History of Flaulists:

There are a number of scattered references to ancient and medieval flatulists, who could produce various rhythms and pitches with their intestinal wind. Saint Augustine in City of God (De Civitate Dei) (14.24) mentions some performers who did have "such command of their bowels, that they can break wind continuously at will, so as to produce the effect of singing." Juan Luis Vives in his 1522 commentary to Augustine's work, testifies to having himself witnessed such a feat, a remark referenced by Michel de Montaigne in an essay. The professional farters of medieval Ireland were called braigetori. They are listed together with other performers and musicians in the 12th century Tech Midchúarda, a diagram of the banqueting hall of Tara. As entertainers, these braigetori ranked at the lower end of a scale headed by bards, fili and harpers. The peordh rune of the Anglo-Saxon futhorc has been suggested to be named after the fart based on the rune poem stanza,[citation needed] which translates to "[a fart?] is a source of recreation and amusement to the great, where warriors sit blithely together in the banqueting-hall." Another widely accepted interpretation links the name to pearwood, suggesting that the poem aludes to a recorder or similar wind instrument, since pearwood is traditionally used to carve such musical instruments. One late medieval flatulist is mentioned in an entry in the 13th century English Liber Feodorum (Book of Fees). It lists one Roland the Farter, who held Hemingstone manor in the county of Suffolk, for which he was obliged to perform "Unum saltum et siffletum et unum bumbulum" (one jump, one whistle, and one fart) annually at the court of king Henry II every Christmas. But professional farting no longer seems to be restricted to the aristocracy. The Activa Vita character in the 14th century allegorical poem Piers Plowman appears to number farting among the abilities desirable in a good entertainer in general, paralleling with storytelling, fiddling, or playing the harp. This poem translates to "As for me, I can neither drum nor trumpet, nor tell jokes, nor fart amusingly at parties, nor play the harp." Evidence of deliberate farting at social occasions continues into the Modern Age. In the 16th century, Rabelais details how Panurge when getting up, gave "a fart, a leap, and a whistle, and joyously cried out 'Long live Pantagruel!"[citation needed] Pantagruel so addressed immediately intends to respond in like fashion, but miserably soils himself in the attempt. Panurge's salute is closely paralleled by the obligation of Roland the Farter detailed above.

professional farting is a sub genere of Toilet humour, or scatological humour, which inturn is a type of off-colour humour dealing with defecation, urination, flatulence, vomiting and other bodily functions. Public reference to bodily functions is taboo in many cultures. This genre also sees substantial crossover with sexual humour, such as penis jokes. Toilet humour is popular among children and teenagers, and despite being toned down to remove some of the more erotic components, it is still often seen as a rejection of taboos, and is a part of modern culture.